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Introduction to Affinity Group in The Workplace

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These groups serve social functions and provide a source of support for the employees. In many situations, they raise the nation’s consciousness towards many issues and help recruit and retain employees. Many companies have integrated these groups into their workstreams. They affiliate with the management to sort out solutions for issues and find ways to market their products.

Features of Affinity Groups

They are Wider in Scope

All affinity groups are different; their structure and role depend on the company’s objectives, roles, and policies. Their programs have also resulted from the diverse corporate environment and inclusiveness. The diverse positioning of a company significantly impacts the complexity of its programs. Companies with limited history in diversity programs may lack significant growth and structured affinity groups. On the other hand, companies that have been running affinity groups for many years are more organized, focus on fulfilling business goals, and see that the talent is nourished with each passing day.

They are Diverse

All these affinity groups are diverse, as the studies suggest they have helped raise cultural awareness, promote community service, conduct product testing, and perform talent development. However, it depends on the company in what direction these groups are going and on which activity priority is given. They have to see if the groups are following the inclusion and diversity in their programs. There has to be a balance between cultural objectivity and the business goals in whatever affinity program is chosen, and all the groups should adhere to the same.

As suggested by Rolddy Leyva, a senior director of diversity at Sodexo, “Each day is an opportunity for us to leverage our employee-affinity groups for talent retention and development as well as for creating a more inclusive and open environment. It’s not an easy mission to manage, but it is possible to support meaningful programs related to specific cultures while keeping a hard focus on our need to keep and grow the best talent from all backgrounds.”

ERGs, or affinity groups, have been shown to positively impact companies by increasing profits, attracting customers, and expanding market share. They also facilitate business relationships with diverse clients and suppliers and help companies meet customers’ needs from different cultural backgrounds. For example, an Asian Employee Network helped a global financial service company overcome language and cultural barriers to successfully reach and serve Asian clients.

Freedom to Explore

Affinity groups provide employees a platform for self-expression, freedom, diversity, and inclusion. They facilitate networking, discussions on crucial topics, and opportunities for career mobility. Active participation adds versatility and liveliness to work, with events and speakers providing learning opportunities and new skills development.

Volunteer for a Committee Cause

Many companies also support affinity groups for community services. Employees can opt to volunteer in community work related to their portfolio and nourish their skills. The volunteers can also get the opportunity to speak at any organized event, which would help build presentation skills and boost confidence. Though the organization has its own criteria for how affinity groups function, the committee work is being carried out. Still, each task can be a gold mine for a volunteer. So avail whatever comes your way and gain the rewards of your efforts and reputation. The combined efforts of all the group members also help forge the team spirit and unity.

Entertainment and Relief from Tension

Affiliate groups are also a great way to release work pressure and get relief from stress. There is entertainment, knowledge, unity, cooperation, and fun. Members of the groups feel much lighter after their hectic day’s job. Several groups also organize cocktail receptions, seminars, and group meetings for entertainment and knowledge. Many of them also organize excursions and tours.

New Learning Experience

If you regret not getting the chance to study abroad or learn the painting or music you have longed to learn, affinity groups give you the platform to fulfill your dreams. Each time you visit the Affinity group program, you would get something or other to learn and explore many different things. Here, you would also get free or discounted counseling services and perks. You can see your personality change in a diverse environment, and you have become more outgoing and worldly. You have entered into a world outside your life’s everyday realm where you would broaden your understanding and learning. Isn’t it exciting that you would traverse the paths outside your realm and experience something that would make you a better person?

Remain Connected with your Colleagues

Be a Part of the Company’s Decision Making

Affinity groups from social networks can become a part of the company’s strategies. They help the companies in their marketing efforts by studying the trend in the market and seeing whether the product is reaching its target audience. They also help in the company’s recruitment process and employee benefits schemes.

Affinity groups promote diversity, inclusion, and a sense of belonging in the workplace, providing a safe space for connection and addressing identity-related issues. They signal company commitment to diversity, attracting and retaining top talent. Affinity groups also educate and raise awareness, fostering empathy and understanding for underrepresented groups, leading to a more inclusive culture.

Novartis is an excellent example of a company that values affinity groups and understands their impact on employee engagement and retention. By sponsoring 14 ERGs, Novartis is demonstrating its commitment to creating a diverse and inclusive workplace culture. These groups offer a platform for employees to connect, network, and support one another, which can help to break down barriers and create a more collaborative and supportive work environment. Additionally, by launching ERGs globally, Novartis proactively promotes diversity and inclusion throughout its entire organization, which will help attract and retain top talent from diverse backgrounds.

How Does The Round Operation Work In Pyspark?

Introduction to PySpark Round

Round is a function in PySpark that is used to round a column in a PySpark data frame. It rounds the value to scale decimal place using the rounding mode. PySpark Round has various Round function that is used for the operation. The round-up, Round down are some of the functions that are used in PySpark for rounding up the value.

The round function is essential in PySpark as it rounds up the value to the nearest value based on the decimal function. The return type of the Round function is the floating-point number. The round function offers various options for rounding data, and we decide the parameters based on the rounding requirement.

Syntax:

The syntax for the function is:

from pyspark.sql.functions import round, col b.select("*",round("ID",2)).show()

b: The Data Frame used for the round function.

select(): You can use the select operation. This syntax allows you to select all the elements from the Data Frame.

round(): The Round Function to be used

It takes on two-parameter:

The Column name and the digit allowed the possible round-up number.

Screenshot:

How does the ROUND operation work in PySpark?

The round operation works on the data frame column, taking the column values as the parameter and iterating over the column values to round up the items. It accepts one parameter from which we can decide the position to which the rounding off needs to be done. If you don’t provide any parameters, the function will round to the nearest value and return a data frame from it.

Let’s check the creation and usage with some coding examples.

Examples

Let’s see a few examples. Let’s start by creating simple data.

data1 = [{'Name':'Jhon','ID':21.528,'Add':'USA'},{'Name':'Joe','ID':3.69,'Add':'USA'},{'Name':'Tina','ID':2.48,'Add':'IND'},{'Name':'Jhon','ID':22.22, 'Add':'USA'},{'Name':'Joe','ID':5.33,'Add':'INA'}]

A sample data is created with Name, ID, and ADD as the field.

a = sc.parallelize(data1)

RDD is created using sc. parallelize.

b = spark.createDataFrame(a) b.show()

Created Data Frame using Spark.createDataFrame.

Output:

Let us round the value of the ID and use the round function on it.

b.select("*",round("ID")).show()

This selects the ID column of the data frame and works over each and every element rounding up the value out of it. The data frame generates a new column, which you can further use for analysis.

The ceil function is a PySpark function that is a Round-up function that takes the column value and rounds up the column value with a new column in the PySpark data frame.

from pyspark.sql.functions import ceil, col b.select("*",ceil("ID")).show()

Output:

This is an example of a Round-Up Function.

The floor function is a round-down function that takes the column value and rounds down the column value with a new column in the data frame.

from pyspark.sql.functions import floor, col b.select("*",floor("ID")).show()

This is an example of the Round Down Function.

Output:

The round function Rounds the column value to the nearest integer with a new column in the PySpark data frame.

b.select("*",round("ID")).show()

Output:

The round-off function takes up the parameter and rounds it up to the nearest decimal place with a new column in the data frame.

b.select("*",round("ID",2)).show()

Output:

Note:

ROUND is a ROUNDING function in PySpark.

It rounds up the data to a given value in the Data frame.

You can use it to round up or down the values in a Data Frame.

PySpark ROUND function results can create new columns in the Data frame.

It uses the function ceil and floor for rounding up the value.

Conclusion Recommended Articles

We hope that this EDUCBA information on “PySpark Round” was beneficial to you. You can view EDUCBA’s recommended articles for more information.

Insurance And Compensation For Workplace Accidents

Accidents in the workplace are an unfortunate reality that employees and employers must deal with. While employers have a responsibility to provide a safe working environment, accidents can still happen in any workplace, no matter how cautious we are. When an employee is injured or falls ill due to work-related activities, it is the employer’s responsibility to provide compensation and insurance benefits. Therefore, employers are generally required to provide workers’ compensation insurance, which covers medical expenses, lost wages, and other related costs.

Who is Eligible?

Employees who have suffered an injury or illness while working or as a direct result of their work are eligible for compensation and insurance benefits in India. The eligibility criteria for compensation and insurance benefits may vary depending on the specific law or scheme −

Workmen Compensation Act, 1923

Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948

Factories Act, 1948

Mines Act, 1952

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988

Workmen Compensation Act, 1923

Employers are responsible for providing a safe and hazard-free workplace for their employees/laborers, as well as compensating them in the event of significant injury, disablement, or death caused by accidents that occur during the course of their employment, according to this act. This applies to all of the industries included in the statute. This liability must be borne by the employer. Any noncompliance can place them in legal jeopardy and perhaps result in the closure of their business.

The purpose of the Workmen’s Compensation Act is to assist employers in meeting their statutory obligation to ensure the welfare of their employees. It enables the employer to compensate employees or their families adequately in the event of bodily injury that results in −

Death

Total and permanent disability

Partial and permanent disability

Temporary disability

Employees’ State Insurance Act

The Employees’ State Insurance Act is a social security scheme that provides medical benefits, disability benefits, and other benefits to employees who suffer from work-related injuries or illnesses. The Act applies to all employees who earn less than Rs. 21,000 per month and covers a wide range of medical conditions, including occupational diseases.

Under the Act, the employer is required to contribute a certain percentage of the employee’s salary to the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) on a monthly basis. The employee is also required to contribute a certain percentage of their salary towards the scheme.

The ESIC provides a range of medical benefits to employees, including free medical treatment, hospitalization, and cash benefits. The cash benefits are provided in the form of a daily allowance, which is paid to the employee for the duration of their hospitalization, and a monthly pension, which is paid to the employee in the event of permanent disability.

Benefits are listed below −

Maternity benefits

Sickness benefits

Medical benefits

Disablement benefits

Compensation for dependants

The Factories Act, 1948

It provides for the safety, health, and welfare of workers in factories. It requires the employer to provide a safe working environment, adequate ventilation, lighting, and sanitation facilities. It also mandates the provision of first aid facilities and the appointment of a safety officer in factories.

The Mines Act, 1952

The act provides for the safety, health, and welfare of workers in mines. It requires the employer to provide a safe working environment, adequate ventilation, lighting, and sanitation facilities. It also mandates the provision of first aid facilities and the appointment of a safety officer in mines.

The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988

This act provides for the safety of employees who operate motor vehicles. It requires the employer to ensure that the vehicle is in a safe condition, provide training to the driver, and provide adequate safety equipment.

Conclusion

Employers have a legal obligation to provide a safe working environment for their employees and to take appropriate measures to prevent workplace accidents. Failure to do so can result in legal action and financial liability. Therefore, it is crucial for employers to prioritize the safety and well-being of their employees and take necessary steps to prevent accidents in the workplace.

Compensation and insurance benefits play a vital role in providing financial and medical assistance to employees who have suffered injuries or illness as a result of workplace accidents. The Indian legal system has several laws and schemes in place to ensure that employees are protected and compensated in case of workplace accidents, including the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923, the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948, and the Factories Act, 1948, among others.

Frequently asked questions

Q1. What should an employee do if they suffer an injury due to a workplace accident?

Ans. The employee should inform their employer immediately and seek medical attention. The employer is required to report the accident to the appropriate authorities and provide compensation to the employee or their dependents as per the law.

Q2. What is the role of insurance companies in compensation for workplace accidents?

Ans. Insurance companies provide insurance coverage to employers for workplace accidents and pay compensation to employees or their dependents as per the terms of the insurance policy.

Q3. What happens if an employer fails to provide a safe working environment for their employees?

Ans. The employer may face legal action and financial liability if they fail to provide a safe working environment for their employees and the employees suffer injuries or death due to workplace accidents.

Probing Soda Company Sponsorship Of Health Groups

Probing Soda Company Sponsorship of Health Groups Study: “organizations may become unwitting partners in a corporate marketing strategy”

Soda companies sponsored at least 96 national health organizations from 2011 to 2023, possibly impeding efforts to combat obesity.

The nation’s two largest soda companies sponsored at least 96 national health organizations from 2011 to 2023, dampening the health groups’ support of legislation to reduce soda consumption and impeding efforts to combat the obesity epidemic, Boston University School of Medicine (MED) and Public Health (SPH) researchers say in a new study.

In addition, in the same five-year period, the Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo lobbied against at least 28 public health bills intended to reduce soda consumption or improve nutrition, according to the study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

The companies “used relationships with health organizations to develop positive associations for their brands,” says lead author Daniel Aaron, a medical student at MED who co-wrote the study with Michael Siegel, an SPH professor of community health sciences.

“The soda companies can neutralize potential legislative opposition by invoking reciprocity and financial dependence from national health organizations,” Aaron says. “Rather than supporting public health, organizations may become unwitting partners in a corporate marketing strategy that undermines public health.”

Aaron and Siegel researched sponsorships and lobbying efforts by the two soda companies to come up with a list of 96 national health organizations that accepted money from the companies. Twelve organizations accepted money from both companies; one accepted money from just PepsiCo; and 83 accepted money from only Coca-Cola. The authors note that the count could be skewed because Coca-Cola publishes a list of its recipient organizations, while PepsiCo doesn’t.

The sponsorship totals include two diabetes organizations—the American Diabetes Association and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation—a finding that the authors call “surprising, given the established link between diabetes and soda consumption.”

Between 2011 and 2014, the Coca-Cola Company spent more than $6 million annually, on average, on lobbying, while PepsiCo spent more than $3 million a year, and the American Beverage Association spent more than $1 million a year, according to the study.

Aaron and Siegel compare the ties between soda companies and health groups to corporate sponsorships of tobacco and alcohol companies.

“Previous studies of alcohol company sponsorship and tobacco sponsorship suggest that corporate philanthropy is a marketing tool that can be used to silence health organizations that might otherwise lobby and support public health measures against these industries,” Siegel says. For example, Save the Children, a group that supported soda taxes, dropped the effort in 2010 after receiving more than $5 million from the Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo in 2009, the study says.

The study recommends that health organizations reject sponsorship offers from soda companies and find alternative sources of funding. It notes that the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and other organizations did not renew contracts with Coca-Cola at the end of 2023.

The US has one of the highest rates of obesity in the world, with soda consumption identified as one of the factors. On average, Americans consumed 46 gallons of soda in 2009, giving the US one of the highest rates of per capita soda consumption of any country.

A recent report estimated that soda consumption caused one-fifth of weight gain in the US between 1977 and 2007.

The Boston University School of Public Health did not accept any money from PepsiCo or the Coca-Cola Company during the study period (2011–2023). In 2023, the school did accept a small, unrestricted donation from PepsiCo for its upcoming 40th-anniversary gala.

Explore Related Topics:

Save And Restore Groups Of Tabs In Chrome With This Quick Trick

Having too many tabs open in ones web browser is a problem that many internet users face on a daily basis. What’s even worse is that having all those tabs open can also slow down your browser tremendously. For this reason it’s a better idea to keep only a few tabs open at a time and save the rest for later.

So what do you do if want to save those tabs for later?

Well, there are plenty of Chrome extensions available to help you better manage your tabs, but this quick trick from OMG! Chrome! doesn’t require an extension at all. Here’s how you can quickly save and restore groups of tabs in Chrome without installing an extension.

Saving Groups of Tabs

2. Name the folder anything you’d like, such as “Saved Tabs” or “Bookmarked Tabs.”

4. Choose the folder you created above as the location, and add a descriptive name to your tab group; this will create a new folder within your “Saved Tabs” folder.

Restoring Groups of Tabs

Image Credit: T a k

Charnita Fance

Charnita has been a Freelance Writer & Professional Blogger since 2008. As an early adopter she loves trying out new apps and services. As a Windows, Mac, Linux and iOS user, she has a great love for bleeding edge technology. You can connect with her on Facebook, Twitter, Google+, and LinkedIn.

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How Nvl Work In Redshift

Introduction to RedShift NVL

RedShift NVL expression will return the first expression value from the argument list which was not null, NVL function will return the empty result when our argument contains all null values. NVL function is equivalent to the coalesce function while using a big query, at the time of migrating our code from redshift we need to rewrite the function in a big query. The function is identical to the coalesce function, NVL expression is the synonym of coalesce function or expression. We can say that NVL and coalesce expressions are synonyms to each other.

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Syntax of RedShift NVL

Below is the syntax of NVL expression in RedShift:

NVL (expression1, expression2,…., expressionN);

Select NVL (column_name1, column_name2) From table_name;

Parameter description syntax of NVL function:

Expression1 to expressionN: This is defined as any expression which we have using with NVL function in redshift. For multiple values, the NVL function will return a first not-null value in the result.

Table name: This is nothing but the name of the table which was we have using with the NVL function to retrieve the first not-null value.

Select: Select is used to fetch data from a table by using the NVL function in redshift. Using column name with NVL function we can retrieve data from a table which was we have used in our query.

Argument 1 to Argument N: Argument is nothing but an integer value that we have passing with NVL function in redshift. If suppose we have passing three-argument with NVL function and if the first argument contains null value then NVL function will return next not null value.

Column name: This is the column name of the table which was we have used with NVL function. If we want to fetch data from a table using the NVL function in redshift then we need to pass column name.

NVL: NVL is the function or expression name which returns the first not-null value as a result. NVL function is the identical to coalescing function in redshift.

How NVL works in RedShift?

RedShift NVL function will evaluate values or arguments from left to right to find the not-null value or argument.

The function is used to return the first, not null value from the table column or from the list of arguments which was we have used in the query.

At the time of finding the first, not null value, the NVL function will not evaluate the remaining argument from the column or argument list which was used in our query.

NVL function will not treat zero as a not null value, zero is considered as valid, not null value with NVL in redshift.

The below example shows that the NVL function will not treat zero as a not null value, zero is considering as valid, not null value is as follows.

Code:

Select NVL (NULL, 0, NULL, 10, 20);

Output:

In the above example, we have used the argument list as (NULL, 0, NULL, 10, 20). In the first argument, we have used null value and in the second argument, we have used zero value. So NVL function will return the result as zero which was not null because the NVL function is considering zero as a not a null value.

We can also use order by and group by condition with NVL function to extract the data from a table.

As we know that NVL function is identical with coalescing function in redshift. NVL function will return the null values if our argument list contains all the null values.

NVL function will not evaluate all lists when it has found the not null value from the argument list. If suppose our argument list contains five numbers like (NULL, NULL, 10, NULL, 50).

In the above list, we can see that we have provided 10 values which were not null in the third position so the result of this argument using the NVL function is 10. After retrieving the result as 10 it will not evaluate the other argument list.

The default column name of NVL expression in redshift coalesces. At the time of executing the NVL function on the argument list it will show the output column name as coalesce.

The below example shows the column name of NVL expression in RedShift is coalesce.

Code:

Select NVL (15, 20, NULL, 25, NULL);

Output:

In the above example, we can see that we have used NVL expression with argument list but in result, it will showing column name as coalesce.

Examples of RedShift NVL

Given below are the examples mentioned:

Example #1

NVL function using a single value as the argument list.

The below example shows that the NVL function using a single value as argument list is as follows. We have using 20 values as an argument list with the NVL function.

Code:

Select NVL (20);

Example #2

NVL function using multiple values as the argument list.

The below example shows that NVL functions using multiple values as argument lists is as follows. We have used (20, 25, 30, 35, 40) values as argument lists with NVL function.

Code:

Select NVL (20, 25, 30, 35, 40);

Output:

Example #3

NVL function using null value as the argument list.

The below example shows that the NVL function using all null values as argument list is as follows. We have used (NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) values as argument list with NVL function.

Code:

Select NVL (NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

Output:

Example #4

NVL function using two-column as the argument list.

Below example shows that NVL function using two-column as argument list are as follows. We have using date1 and date2 columns as argument lists with NVL functions.

Code:

Select nvl (date1, date2) from nvl_test;

Output:

Example #5

NVL function using the single-column as the argument list.

The below example shows that the NVL function using a single column as an argument list is as follows. We have using the date1 column as an argument list with the NVL function.

Code:

Select nvl (date1, date2) from nvl_test;

Output:

Conclusion

RedShift NVL function is very useful and important to find the first not null value from column or argument list. NVL function is identical to the coalesce function in redshift. If suppose all column value contains the not null value then NVL function will return the empty result.